Android 應用程式中的數位憑證驗證功能可用於驗證及授權使用者的身分 (例如政府身分證件)、使用者相關屬性 (例如駕照、學位,或年齡或地址等屬性),或是其他需要核發及驗證憑證的情況,以便宣告實體的真實性。
數位憑證是 公開的 W3C 孵化器標準,可指定如何從數位錢包存取使用者的可驗證數位憑證,並透過 W3C 憑證管理 API 為網路用途實作。在 Android 上,Credential Manager 的 DigitalCredential
API 會用於驗證數位憑證。
實作
如要在 Android 專案中驗證數位憑證,請按照下列步驟操作:
- 在應用程式的建構指令碼中加入依附元件,並初始化
CredentialManager
類別。 - 建構數位憑證要求,並用於初始化
DigitalCredentialOption
,接著建構GetCredentialRequest
。 - 使用已建構的要求啟動
getCredential
流程,以便接收成功的GetCredentialResponse
,或處理可能發生的任何例外狀況。擷取成功後,請驗證回應。
新增依附元件並初始化
將下列依附元件新增至 Gradle 建構指令碼:
dependencies {
implementation("androidx.credentials:credentials:1.5.0-beta01")
implementation("androidx.credentials:credentials-play-services-auth:1.5.0-beta01")
}
接著,初始化 CredentialManager
類別的例項。
val credentialManager = CredentialManager.create(context)
建構數位憑證要求
建構數位憑證要求,並用於初始化 DigitalCredentialOption
。
// The request in the JSON format to conform with
// the JSON-ified Digital Credentials API request definition.
val requestJson = generateRequestFromServer()
val digitalCredentialOption =
GetDigitalCredentialOption(requestJson = requestJson)
// Use the option from the previous step to build the `GetCredentialRequest`.
val getCredRequest = GetCredentialRequest(
listOf(digitalCredentialOption)
)
取得憑證
使用建構的要求啟動 getCredential
流程。您會收到成功的 GetCredentialResponse
,如果要求失敗,則會收到 GetCredentialException
。
getCredential
流程會觸發 Android 系統對話方塊,顯示使用者可用的憑證選項,並收集他們的選項。接下來,包含所選憑證選項的錢包應用程式會顯示 UI,收集同意聲明,並執行產生數位憑證回應所需的動作。
coroutineScope.launch {
try {
val result = credentialManager.getCredential(
context = activityContext,
request = getCredRequest
)
verifyResult(result)
} catch (e : GetCredentialException) {
handleFailure(e)
}
}
// Handle the successfully returned credential.
fun verifyResult(result: GetCredentialResponse) {
val credential = result.credential
when (credential) {
is DigitalCredential -> {
val responseJson = credential.credentialJson
validateResponseOnServer(responseJson)
}
else -> {
// Catch any unrecognized credential type here.
Log.e(TAG, "Unexpected type of credential ${credential.type}")
}
}
}
// Handle failure.
fun handleFailure(e: GetCredentialException) {
when (e) {
is GetCredentialCancellationException -> {
// The user intentionally canceled the operation and chose not
// to share the credential.
}
is GetCredentialInterruptedException -> {
// Retry-able error. Consider retrying the call.
}
is NoCredentialException -> {
// No credential was available.
}
is CreateCredentialUnknownException -> {
// An unknown, usually unexpected, error has occurred. Check the
// message error for any additional debugging information.
}
is CreateCredentialCustomException -> {
// You have encountered a custom error thrown by the wallet.
// If you made the API call with a request object that's a
// subclass of CreateCustomCredentialRequest using a 3rd-party SDK,
// then you should check for any custom exception type constants
// within that SDK to match with e.type. Otherwise, drop or log the
// exception.
}
else -> Log.w(TAG, "Unexpected exception type ${e::class.java}")
}
}