您需要定义如何在每个平台上实例化 DataStore 对象。由于文件系统 API 存在差异,因此这是 API 中唯一需要在特定平台源代码集中的部分。
常见
// shared/src/commonMain/kotlin/createDataStore.kt/** * Gets the singleton DataStore instance, creating it if necessary. */funcreateDataStore(producePath:()->String):DataStore<Preferences>=PreferenceDataStoreFactory.createWithPath(produceFile={producePath().toPath()})internalconstvaldataStoreFileName="dice.preferences_pb"
[null,null,["最后更新时间 (UTC):2025-07-27。"],[],[],null,["# DataStore (Kotlin Multiplatform)\n\nThe DataStore library stores data asynchronously, consistently, and\ntransactionally, overcoming some of the drawbacks of SharedPreferences. This\npage focuses on creating DataStore in Kotlin Multiplatform (KMP) projects. For\nmore information on DataStore, see the [primary documentation for DataStore](/topic/libraries/architecture/datastore)\nand [official samples](https://github.com/android/kotlin-multiplatform-samples).\n| **Note:** Only [DataStore Preferences](/topic/libraries/architecture/datastore#preferences-datastore) is supported in KMP projects.\n\nSet up dependencies\n-------------------\n\n| **Note:** DataStore supports KMP in versions 1.1.0 and higher.\n\nTo set up DataStore in your KMP project, add the dependencies for the artifacts\nin the `build.gradle.kts` file for your module: \n\n commonMain.dependencies {\n // DataStore library\n implementation(\"androidx.datastore:datastore:1.1.7\")\n // The Preferences DataStore library\n implementation(\"androidx.datastore:datastore-preferences:1.1.7\")\n }\n\nDefine the DataStore classes\n----------------------------\n\nYou can define the `DataStore` class with `DataStoreFactory` inside the common\nsource of your shared KMP module. Placing these classes in common sources allows\nthem to be shared across all target platforms. You can use [`actual` and\n`expect` declarations](https://kotlinlang.org/docs/multiplatform-expect-actual.html) to create platform-specific\nimplementations.\n\nCreate the DataStore instance\n-----------------------------\n\nYou need to define how to instantiate the DataStore object on each platform.\nThis is the only part of the API that is required to be in the specific platform\nsource sets due to the differences in file system APIs.\n\n### Common\n\n // shared/src/commonMain/kotlin/createDataStore.kt\n\n /**\n * Gets the singleton DataStore instance, creating it if necessary.\n */\n fun createDataStore(producePath: () -\u003e String): DataStore\u003cPreferences\u003e =\n PreferenceDataStoreFactory.createWithPath(\n produceFile = { producePath().toPath() }\n )\n\n internal const val dataStoreFileName = \"dice.preferences_pb\"\n\n### Android\n\nTo create the `DataStore` instance on Android, you need a [`Context`](/reference/android/content/Context) along\nwith the path. \n\n // shared/src/androidMain/kotlin/createDataStore.android.kt\n\n fun createDataStore(context: Context): DataStore\u003cPreferences\u003e = createDataStore(\n producePath = { context.filesDir.resolve(dataStoreFileName).absolutePath }\n )\n\n### iOS\n\nOn iOS, you can retrieve the path from the `NSDocumentDirectory`: \n\n // shared/src/iosMain/kotlin/createDataStore.ios.kt\n\n fun createDataStore(): DataStore\u003cPreferences\u003e = createDataStore(\n producePath = {\n val documentDirectory: NSURL? = NSFileManager.defaultManager.URLForDirectory(\n directory = NSDocumentDirectory,\n inDomain = NSUserDomainMask,\n appropriateForURL = null,\n create = false,\n error = null,\n )\n requireNotNull(documentDirectory).path + \"/$dataStoreFileName\"\n }\n )\n\n### JVM (Desktop)\n\nTo create the `DataStore` instance on JVM (Desktop), provide a path using Java\nor Kotlin APIs: \n\n // shared/src/jvmMain/kotlin/createDataStore.desktop.kt\n\n fun createDataStore(): DataStore\u003cPreferences\u003e = createDataStore(\n producePath = {\n val file = File(System.getProperty(\"java.io.tmpdir\"), dataStoreFileName)\n file.absolutePath\n }\n )\n\n| **Note:** `System.getProperty(\"java.io.tmpdir\")` points to the temporary folder on the system, which might be cleaned upon reboot. On macOS, you can instead use the `~/Library/Application Support/[your-app]` folder."]]