[null,null,["最后更新时间 (UTC):2025-07-27。"],[],[],null,["# Save simple data with SharedPreferences\n\nIf you have a relatively small collection of key-values that you'd like to save,\nyou can use the [`SharedPreferences`](/reference/android/content/SharedPreferences) APIs. A `SharedPreferences` object\npoints to a file containing key-value pairs and provides simple methods to read\nand write them. Each `SharedPreferences` file is managed by the framework and\ncan be private or shared.\n\nThis page shows you how to use the `SharedPreferences` APIs to store and\nretrieve simple values.\n| **Caution:** `DataStore` is a modern data storage solution that you should use instead of `SharedPreferences`. It builds on Kotlin coroutines and Flow, and overcomes many of the drawbacks of `SharedPreferences`.\n|\n| Read the [DataStore guide](/topic/libraries/architecture/datastore) for more information.\n| **Note:** The `SharedPreferences` APIs are for reading and writing key-value pairs, and you shouldn't confuse them with the [`Preference`](/reference/android/preference/Preference) APIs, which help you build a user interface for your app settings (although they also use `SharedPreferences` to save the user's settings). For information about the [`Preference`](/reference/android/preference/Preference) APIs, see the [Settings developer guide](/guide/topics/ui/settings).\n\nGet a handle to shared preferences\n----------------------------------\n\nYou can create a new shared preference file or access an existing one by calling\none of these methods:\n\n- **[`getSharedPreferences()`](/reference/android/content/Context#getSharedPreferences(java.lang.String,%20int)):** Use this if you need multiple shared preference files identified by name, which you specify with the first parameter. You can call this from any [`Context`](/training/data-storage/shared-preferences#kotlin:%7E:text=this%20from%20any-,Context,-in%20your%20app) in your app.\n- **[`getPreferences()`](/reference/android/app/Activity#getPreferences(int)):** Use this from an [`Activity`](/reference/android/app/Activity) if you need to use only one shared preference file for the activity. Because this retrieves a default shared preference file that belongs to the activity, you don't need to supply a name.\n\nFor example, the following code accesses the shared preferences file that's\nidentified by the resource string `R.string.preference_file_key` and opens it\nusing the private mode so the file is accessible by only your app: \n\n### Kotlin\n\n```kotlin\nval sharedPref = activity?.getSharedPreferences(\n getString(R.string.preference_file_key), Context.MODE_PRIVATE)\n```\n\n### Java\n\n```java\nContext context = getActivity();\nSharedPreferences sharedPref = context.getSharedPreferences(\n getString(R.string.preference_file_key), Context.MODE_PRIVATE);\n```\n\nWhen naming your shared preference files, you should use a name that's uniquely\nidentifiable to your app. A good way to do this is prefix the file name with\nyour [application ID](/studio/build/configure-app-module#set_the_application_id). For example:\n`\"com.example.myapp.PREFERENCE_FILE_KEY\"`\n\nAlternatively, if you need just one shared preference file for your activity,\nyou can use the [`getPreferences()`](/reference/android/app/Activity#getPreferences(int)) method: \n\n### Kotlin\n\n```kotlin\nval sharedPref = activity?.getPreferences(Context.MODE_PRIVATE)\n```\n\n### Java\n\n```java\nSharedPreferences sharedPref = getActivity().getPreferences(Context.MODE_PRIVATE);\n```\n| **Caution:** The [`MODE_WORLD_READABLE`](/reference/android/content/Context#MODE_WORLD_READABLE) and [`MODE_WORLD_WRITEABLE`](/reference/android/content/Context#MODE_WORLD_WRITEABLE) modes have been deprecated since API level 17.\n|\n| Starting with Android 7.0 (API level 24), Android throws a\n| [`SecurityException`](/reference/java/lang/SecurityException) if you use them. If your app needs to share private\n| files with other apps, it may use a [`FileProvider`](/reference/androidx/core/content/FileProvider) with the\n| [`FLAG_GRANT_READ_URI_PERMISSION`](/reference/android/content/Intent#FLAG_GRANT_READ_URI_PERMISSION). For more information, also see\n| [Sharing Files](/training/secure-file-sharing).\n\nIf you're using the `SharedPreferences` API to save app settings, you\nshould instead use [`getDefaultSharedPreferences()`](/reference/android/preference/PreferenceManager#getDefaultSharedPreferences(android.content.Context)) to get the default\nshared preference file for your entire app. For more information, see the\n[Settings developer guide](/guide/topics/ui/settings).\n\nWrite to shared preferences\n---------------------------\n\nTo write to a shared preferences file, create a [`SharedPreferences.Editor`](/reference/android/content/SharedPreferences.Editor)\nby calling [`edit()`](/reference/android/content/SharedPreferences#edit()) on your `SharedPreferences`.\n\nPass the keys and values you want to write with methods such as:\n[`putInt()`](/reference/android/content/SharedPreferences.Editor#putInt()) and[`putString()`](/reference/android/content/SharedPreferences.Editor#putString()). Then call [`apply()`](/reference/android/content/SharedPreferences.Editor#apply()) or\n[`commit()`](/reference/android/content/SharedPreferences.Editor#commit()) to save the changes. For example: \n\n### Kotlin\n\n```kotlin\nval sharedPref = activity?.getPreferences(Context.MODE_PRIVATE) ?: return\nwith (sharedPref.edit()) {\n putInt(getString(R.string.saved_high_score_key), newHighScore)\n apply()\n}\n```\n\n### Java\n\n```java\nSharedPreferences sharedPref = getActivity().getPreferences(Context.MODE_PRIVATE);\nSharedPreferences.Editor editor = sharedPref.edit();\neditor.putInt(getString(R.string.saved_high_score_key), newHighScore);\neditor.apply();\n```\n\n`apply()` changes the in-memory `SharedPreferences` object immediately but\nwrites the updates to disk asynchronously. Alternatively, you can use `commit()`\nto write the data to disk synchronously. But because `commit()` is synchronous,\nyou should avoid calling it from your main thread because it could pause your UI\nrendering.\n\nRead from shared preferences\n----------------------------\n\nTo retrieve values from a shared preferences file, call methods such as\n[`getInt()`](/reference/android/content/SharedPreferences#getInt(java.lang.String,%20int)) and [`getString()`](/reference/android/content/SharedPreferences#getString(java.lang.String,%20java.lang.String)), providing the key for the value you\nwant, and optionally a default value to return if the key isn't present. For\nexample: \n\n### Kotlin\n\n```kotlin\nval sharedPref = activity?.getPreferences(Context.MODE_PRIVATE) ?: return\nval defaultValue = resources.getInteger(R.integer.saved_high_score_default_key)\nval highScore = sharedPref.getInt(getString(R.string.saved_high_score_key), defaultValue)\n```\n\n### Java\n\n```java\nSharedPreferences sharedPref = getActivity().getPreferences(Context.MODE_PRIVATE);\nint defaultValue = getResources().getInteger(R.integer.saved_high_score_default_key);\nint highScore = sharedPref.getInt(getString(R.string.saved_high_score_key), defaultValue);\n```"]]