请求某个分享的文件

当应用想要访问其他应用共享的文件时,发出请求的应用(客户端) 通常会向共享文件的应用(服务器)发送请求。在大多数情况下, 在服务器应用中启动一个 Activity,以显示可共享的文件。 用户选择文件后,服务器应用会将文件的内容 URI 返回给 。

本课将介绍客户端应用如何从服务器应用请求文件,以及如何接收文件的 内容 URI,并使用内容 URI 打开文件。

发送文件请求

如需从服务器应用请求文件,客户端应用调用 startActivityForResult,具有 Intent 包含如下操作: ACTION_PICK 以及客户端应用

例如,以下代码段展示了如何发送 Intent 到服务器应用,以便启动 共享文件中所述的 Activity

Kotlin

class MainActivity : Activity() {
    private lateinit var requestFileIntent: Intent
    private lateinit var inputPFD: ParcelFileDescriptor
    ...
    override fun onCreate(savedInstanceState: Bundle?) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState)
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main)
        requestFileIntent = Intent(Intent.ACTION_PICK).apply {
            type = "image/jpg"
        }
        ...
    }
    ...
    private fun requestFile() {
        /**
         * When the user requests a file, send an Intent to the
         * server app.
         * files.
         */
        startActivityForResult(requestFileIntent, 0)
        ...
    }
    ...
}

Java

public class MainActivity extends Activity {
    private Intent requestFileIntent;
    private ParcelFileDescriptor inputPFD;
    ...
    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        requestFileIntent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_PICK);
        requestFileIntent.setType("image/jpg");
        ...
    }
    ...
    protected void requestFile() {
        /**
         * When the user requests a file, send an Intent to the
         * server app.
         * files.
         */
            startActivityForResult(requestFileIntent, 0);
        ...
    }
    ...
}

访问请求的文件

服务器应用以 Intent。此 Intent 会传递给客户端 替换 onActivityResult()。一次 客户端应用具有文件的内容 URI,其可通过获取其 FileDescriptor

只有正确解析内容 URI 后,在此过程中才会保证文件安全性 唯一 ID解析内容时,必须确保此 URI 不指向 指定目录之外的任何内容,以确保 系统会尝试执行路径遍历。 只有客户端应用才可以访问该文件,且只能获得 服务器应用权限是临时的,因此在客户端应用的任务堆栈完成后, 文件无法再从服务器应用外部访问。

下一个代码段演示了客户端应用如何处理 从服务器应用发送的 Intent,以及客户端应用如何获取 使用内容 URI 执行 FileDescriptor

Kotlin

/*
 * When the Activity of the app that hosts files sets a result and calls
 * finish(), this method is invoked. The returned Intent contains the
 * content URI of a selected file. The result code indicates if the
 * selection worked or not.
 */
public override fun onActivityResult(requestCode: Int, resultCode: Int, returnIntent: Intent) {
    // If the selection didn't work
    if (resultCode != Activity.RESULT_OK) {
        // Exit without doing anything else
        return
    }
    // Get the file's content URI from the incoming Intent
    returnIntent.data?.also { returnUri ->
        /*
         * Try to open the file for "read" access using the
         * returned URI. If the file isn't found, write to the
         * error log and return.
         */
        inputPFD = try {
            /*
             * Get the content resolver instance for this context, and use it
             * to get a ParcelFileDescriptor for the file.
             */
            contentResolver.openFileDescriptor(returnUri, "r")
        } catch (e: FileNotFoundException) {
            e.printStackTrace()
            Log.e("MainActivity", "File not found.")
            return
        }

        // Get a regular file descriptor for the file
        val fd = inputPFD.fileDescriptor
        ...
    }
}

Java

    /*
     * When the Activity of the app that hosts files sets a result and calls
     * finish(), this method is invoked. The returned Intent contains the
     * content URI of a selected file. The result code indicates if the
     * selection worked or not.
     */
    @Override
    public void onActivityResult(int requestCode, int resultCode,
            Intent returnIntent) {
        // If the selection didn't work
        if (resultCode != RESULT_OK) {
            // Exit without doing anything else
            return;
        } else {
            // Get the file's content URI from the incoming Intent
            Uri returnUri = returnIntent.getData();
            /*
             * Try to open the file for "read" access using the
             * returned URI. If the file isn't found, write to the
             * error log and return.
             */
            try {
                /*
                 * Get the content resolver instance for this context, and use it
                 * to get a ParcelFileDescriptor for the file.
                 */
                inputPFD = getContentResolver().openFileDescriptor(returnUri, "r");
            } catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
                Log.e("MainActivity", "File not found.");
                return;
            }
            // Get a regular file descriptor for the file
            FileDescriptor fd = inputPFD.getFileDescriptor();
            ...
        }
    }

openFileDescriptor() 方法 会返回文件的 ParcelFileDescriptor。在此对象中,客户端 应用会获取 FileDescriptor 对象,然后使用该对象读取文件。

如需了解其他相关信息,请参阅: