Android 14 offre aux développeurs de nouvelles fonctionnalités et API de qualité. Les informations suivantes vous aident à découvrir les fonctionnalités de vos applications et à vous familiariser avec les API associées.
Pour obtenir une liste détaillée des API ajoutées, modifiées et supprimées, consultez le rapport de différences des API. Pour en savoir plus sur les API ajoutées, consultez la documentation de référence des API Android. Pour Android 14, recherchez les API ajoutées au niveau d'API 34. Pour savoir dans quels domaines les changements de plate-forme peuvent affecter vos applications, consultez les modifications de comportement d'Android 14pour les applications ciblant Android 14 et pour toutes les applications.
Internationalisation
Préférences linguistiques par application
Android 14 扩展了 Android 13(API 级别 33)中引入的按应用设定语言功能,并包含以下额外功能:
自动生成应用的
localeConfig
:从 Android Studio Giraffe Canary 7 和 AGP 8.1.0-alpha07 开始,您可以将应用配置为自动支持各应用语言偏好设定。Android Gradle 插件会根据您的项目资源生成LocaleConfig
文件,并在最终清单文件中添加对该文件的引用,这样您就不再需要手动创建或更新该文件。AGP 使用应用模块的res
文件夹中的资源以及任何库模块依赖项来确定要在LocaleConfig
文件中添加的语言区域。动态更新应用的
localeConfig
:使用LocaleManager
方法中的setOverrideLocaleConfig()
和getOverrideLocaleConfig()
可以在设备的系统设置中动态更新应用的受支持语言列表。有了这种灵活性,您可以按区域自定义支持的语言列表、运行 A/B 实验,或者如果您的应用通过服务器端推送进行本地化,则可以提供更新后的语言区域列表。输入法 (IME) 的应用语言可见性:IME 可以利用
getApplicationLocales()
方法查看当前应用的语言,并将 IME 语言与该语言进行匹配。
API Grammatical Inflection
有 30 亿人在使用区分性别的语言,此类语言的语法类别(例如名词、动词、形容词和介词)会根据您交谈所涉及的人或物的性别而变化。传统上,许多区分性别的语言使用阳性语法性别作为默认或通用性别。
以错误的语法性别来称呼用户,例如以阳性语法性别来称呼女性,可能会对她们的表现和态度产生负面影响。相比之下,界面语言如果能正确反映用户的语法性别,就可以提高用户互动度,并提供更个性化、更自然的用户体验。
To help you build a user-centric UI for gendered languages, Android 14 introduces the Grammatical Inflection API, which lets you add support for grammatical gender without refactoring your app.
Préférences régionales
Les préférences régionales permettent aux utilisateurs de personnaliser les unités de température, le premier jour de la semaine et les systèmes de numérotation. Une personne européenne vivant aux États-Unis peut préférer que les unités de température soient exprimées en Celsius plutôt qu'en Fahrenheit, et que les applications considèrent le lundi comme le début de la semaine et non le dimanche, comme c'est le cas aux États-Unis.
Les nouveaux menus des paramètres Android correspondant à ces préférences offrent aux utilisateurs un emplacement centralisé et visible pour modifier les préférences des applications. Ces préférences sont également conservées lors de la sauvegarde et de la restauration. Plusieurs API et intents, tels que getTemperatureUnit
et getFirstDayOfWeek
, autorisent votre application l'accès en lecture aux préférences utilisateur afin que votre application puisse ajuster la façon dont elle affiche les informations. Vous pouvez également enregistrer un BroadcastReceiver
sur ACTION_LOCALE_CHANGED
pour gérer les modifications de configuration des paramètres régionaux lorsque les préférences régionales changent.
Pour accéder à ces paramètres, ouvrez l'application Paramètres et accédez à System > Languages & input > Regional preferences (Système > Langues et saisie > Préférences régionales).


Accessibilité
Mise à l'échelle non linéaire de la police à 200 %
Starting in Android 14, the system supports font scaling up to 200%, providing low-vision users with additional accessibility options that align with Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG).
To prevent large text elements on screen from scaling too large, the system applies a nonlinear scaling curve. This scaling strategy means that large text doesn't scale at the same rate as smaller text. Nonlinear font scaling helps preserve the proportional hierarchy between elements of different sizes while mitigating issues with linear text scaling at high degrees (such as text being cut off or text that becomes harder to read due to an extremely large display sizes).
Test your app with nonlinear font scaling

If you already use scaled pixels (sp) units to define text sizing, then these additional options and scaling improvements are applied automatically to the text in your app. However, you should still perform UI testing with the maximum font size enabled (200%) to ensure that your app applies the font sizes correctly and can accommodate larger font sizes without impacting usability.
To enable 200% font size, follow these steps:
- Open the Settings app and navigate to Accessibility > Display size and text.
- For the Font size option, tap the plus (+) icon until the maximum font size setting is enabled, as shown in the image that accompanies this section.
Use scaled pixel (sp) units for text-sizes
Remember to always specify text sizes in sp units. When your app uses sp units, Android can apply the user's preferred text size and scale it appropriately.
Don't use sp units for padding or define view heights assuming implicit padding: with nonlinear font scaling sp dimensions might not be proportional, so 4sp + 20sp might not equal 24sp.
Convert scaled pixel (sp) units
Use TypedValue.applyDimension()
to convert from sp units
to pixels, and use TypedValue.deriveDimension()
to
convert pixels to sp. These methods apply the appropriate nonlinear scaling
curve automatically.
Avoid hardcoding equations using
Configuration.fontScale
or
DisplayMetrics.scaledDensity
. Because font scaling is
nonlinear, the scaledDensity
field is no longer accurate. The fontScale
field should be used for informational purposes only because fonts are no longer
scaled with a single scalar value.
Use sp units for lineHeight
Always define android:lineHeight
using sp units instead
of dp, so the line height scales along with your text. Otherwise, if your text
is sp but your lineHeight
is in dp or px, it doesn't scale and looks cramped.
TextView automatically corrects the lineHeight
so that your intended
proportions are preserved, but only if both textSize
and lineHeight
are
defined in sp units.
Appareil photo et médias
Ultra HDR pour les images

Android 14 adds support for High Dynamic Range (HDR) images that retain more of the information from the sensor when taking a photo, which enables vibrant colors and greater contrast. Android uses the Ultra HDR format, which is fully backward compatible with JPEG images, allowing apps to seamlessly interoperate with HDR images, displaying them in Standard Dynamic Range (SDR) as needed.
Rendering these images in the UI in HDR is done automatically by the framework
when your app opts in to using HDR UI for its Activity Window, either through a
manifest entry or at runtime by calling
Window.setColorMode()
. You can also capture compressed Ultra
HDR still images on supported devices. With more colors recovered
from the sensor, editing in post can be more flexible. The
Gainmap
associated with Ultra HDR images can be used to render
them using OpenGL or Vulkan.
Zoom, mise au point, postview et plus encore dans les extensions d'appareil photo
Android 14 upgrades and improves camera extensions, allowing apps to handle longer processing times, which enables improved images using compute-intensive algorithms like low-light photography on supported devices. These features give users an even more robust experience when using camera extension capabilities. Examples of these improvements include:
- Dynamic still capture processing latency estimation provides much more
accurate still capture latency estimates based on the current scene and
environment conditions. Call
CameraExtensionSession.getRealtimeStillCaptureLatency()
to get aStillCaptureLatency
object that has two latency estimation methods. ThegetCaptureLatency()
method returns the estimated latency betweenonCaptureStarted
andonCaptureProcessStarted()
, and thegetProcessingLatency()
method returns the estimated latency betweenonCaptureProcessStarted()
and the final processed frame being available. - Support for capture progress callbacks so that apps can display the current
progress of long-running, still-capture processing operations. You can check
if this feature is available with
CameraExtensionCharacteristics.isCaptureProcessProgressAvailable
, and if it is, you implement theonCaptureProcessProgressed()
callback, which has the progress (from 0 to 100) passed in as a parameter. Extension specific metadata, such as
CaptureRequest.EXTENSION_STRENGTH
for dialing in the amount of an extension effect, such as the amount of background blur withEXTENSION_BOKEH
.Postview Feature for Still Capture in camera extensions, which provides a less-processed image more quickly than the final image. If an extension has increased processing latency, a postview image could be provided as a placeholder to improve UX and switched out later for the final image. You can check if this feature is available with
CameraExtensionCharacteristics.isPostviewAvailable
. Then you can pass anOutputConfiguration
toExtensionSessionConfiguration.setPostviewOutputConfiguration
.Support for
SurfaceView
allowing for a more optimized and power-efficient preview render path.Support for tap to focus and zoom during extension usage.
Zoom dans le capteur
当 CameraCharacteristics
中的 REQUEST_AVAILABLE_CAPABILITIES_STREAM_USE_CASE
包含 SCALER_AVAILABLE_STREAM_USE_CASES_CROPPED_RAW
时,您的应用可以使用高级传感器功能,将剪裁后的 RAW 数据流的像素与全视野范围相同,方法是将 CaptureRequest
与将数据流用例设置为 CameraMetadata.SCALER_AVAILABLE_STREAM_USE_CASES_CROPPED_RAW
的 RAW 目标搭配使用。通过实现请求替换控件,更新后的相机可让用户在其他相机控件准备就绪之前使用缩放控件。
Audio USB sans perte
Android 14 gains support for lossless audio formats for audiophile-level
experiences over USB wired headsets. You can query a USB device for its
preferred mixer attributes, register a listener for changes in preferred mixer
attributes, and configure mixer attributes using the
AudioMixerAttributes
class. This class represents the
format, such as channel mask, sample rate, and behavior of the audio mixer. The
class allows for audio to be sent directly, without mixing,
volume adjustment, or processing effects.
Productivité et outils pour les développeurs
Gestionnaire d'identifiants
Android 14 adds Credential Manager as a platform API, with additional support back to Android 4.4 (API level 19) devices through a Jetpack Library using Google Play services. Credential Manager aims to make sign-in easier for users with APIs that retrieve and store credentials with user-configured credential providers. Credential Manager supports multiple sign-in methods, including username and password, passkeys, and federated sign-in solutions (such as Sign-in with Google) in a single API.
Passkeys provide many advantages. For example, passkeys are built on industry standards, can work across different operating systems and browser ecosystems, and can be used with both websites and apps.
For more information, see the Credential Manager and passkeys documentation and the blogpost about Credential Manager and passkeys.
Santé Connect
Health Connect 是用户健康与健身数据的设备端仓库。借助该功能,用户可以在一个位置控制要与这些应用共享哪些数据,并在自己喜爱的应用之间共享数据。
在搭载 Android 14 之前的 Android 版本的设备上,Health Connect 可作为应用从 Google Play 商店下载。从 Android 14 开始,Health Connect 将成为 Android 平台的一部分,并通过 Google Play 系统更新接收更新,而无需单独下载。这样一来,Health Connect 就可以频繁更新,您的应用可以依赖于搭载 Android 14 或更高版本的设备上提供的 Health Connect。用户可以通过设备的“设置”访问 Health Connect,隐私控制功能集成到系统设置中。


Health Connect 在 Android 14 中包含多项新功能,例如锻炼路线,可让用户分享可在地图上直观呈现的锻炼路线。路线定义为在一定时间范围内保存的位置列表,您的应用可以将路线插入锻炼时段,将它们关联起来。为确保用户能够完全控制此类敏感数据,用户必须允许与其他应用共享单个路线。
如需了解详情,请参阅 Health Connect 文档以及有关 Android Health 中的新功能的博文。
Mises à jour OpenJDK 17
Android 14 continues the work of refreshing Android's core libraries to align with the features in the latest OpenJDK LTS releases, including both library updates and Java 17 language support for app and platform developers.
The following features and improvements are included:
- Updated approximately 300
java.base
classes to Java 17 support. - Text Blocks, which introduce multi-line string literals to the Java programming language.
- Pattern Matching for instanceof, which allows an object to
be treated as having a specific type in an
instanceof
without any additional variables. - Sealed classes, which allow you restrict which classes and interfaces can extend or implement them.
Thanks to Google Play system updates (Project Mainline), over 600 million devices are enabled to receive the latest Android Runtime (ART) updates that include these changes. This is part of our commitment to give apps a more consistent, secure environment across devices, and to deliver new features and capabilities to users independent of platform releases.
Java and OpenJDK are trademarks or registered trademarks of Oracle and/or its affiliates.
Améliorations apportées aux plates-formes de téléchargement d'applications
Android 14 引入了多个 PackageInstaller
API,可帮助应用商店改善其用户体验。
下载之前请求批准安装
安装或更新应用可能需要用户批准。例如,当使用 REQUEST_INSTALL_PACKAGES
权限的安装程序尝试安装新应用时。在之前的 Android 版本中,只有在将 APK 写入安装会话并且提交会话后,应用商店才能请求用户批准。
从 Android 14 开始,requestUserPreapproval()
方法可让安装程序在提交安装会话之前请求用户批准。此项改进可让应用商店将任何 APK 的下载操作推迟到用户批准安装之后。此外,用户批准安装后,应用商店可以在后台下载并安装应用,而不会干扰用户。
承担未来更新的责任
借助 setRequestUpdateOwnership()
方法,安装程序可以向系统表明它打算负责将被安装的应用未来的更新。此 capability 可实现更新所有权强制执行,即仅允许更新所有者为应用安装自动更新。更新所有权强制执行有助于确保用户仅收到来自预期应用商店的更新。
任何其他安装程序(包括使用 INSTALL_PACKAGES
权限的安装程序)都必须获得用户的明确批准,才能安装更新。如果用户决定继续从其他来源安装更新,则会失去更新所有权。
在干扰较少的时段更新应用
应用商店通常希望避免更新正在使用的应用,因为这会导致应用正在运行的进程被终止,而这可能会中断用户正在执行的操作。
从 Android 14 开始,InstallConstraints
API 让安装程序可以确保其应用更新在适当的时机进行。例如,应用商店可以调用 commitSessionAfterInstallConstraintsAreMet()
方法来确保仅在用户不再与相应应用互动时才进行更新。
无缝安装可选拆分
借助拆分 APK,应用的功能可以通过单独的 APK 文件提供,而不是以单体式 APK 的形式提供。借助拆分 APK,应用商店可以优化不同应用组件的提供。例如,应用商店可能会根据目标设备的属性进行优化。自在 API 级别 22 中引入以来,PackageInstaller
API 一直支持拆分。
在 Android 14 中,setDontKillApp()
方法可让安装程序指明在安装新的拆分项时应用的运行进程不应终止。应用商店可以使用此功能,在用户使用应用时无缝安装应用的新功能。
Bundles de métadonnées d'application
Starting in Android 14, the Android package installer lets you specify app metadata, such as data safety practices, to include on app store pages such as Google Play.
Détecter quand les utilisateurs prennent des captures d'écran de l'appareil
To create a more standardized experience for detecting screenshots, Android 14 introduces a privacy-preserving screenshot detection API. This API lets apps register callbacks on a per-activity basis. These callbacks are invoked, and the user is notified, when the user takes a screenshot while that activity is visible.
Expérience utilisateur
Actions personnalisées Sharesheet et classement amélioré
Android 14 updates the system sharesheet to support custom app actions and more informative preview results for users.
Add custom actions
With Android 14, your app can add custom actions to the system sharesheet it invokes.

Improve ranking of Direct Share targets
Android 14 uses more signals from apps to determine the ranking of the direct share targets to provide more helpful results for the user. To provide the most useful signal for ranking, follow the guidance for improving rankings of your Direct Share targets. Communication apps can also report shortcut usage for outgoing and incoming messages.

Prise en charge des animations intégrées et personnalisées pour la prévisualisation du Retour
Android 13 在开发者选项背后引入了预测性“返回主屏幕”动画。在已启用开发者选项的受支持应用中使用时,滑回手势会显示动画,表明返回手势会使应用退回到主屏幕。
Android 14 包含针对“预测性返回”的多项改进和新指南:
- 您可设置
android:enableOnBackInvokedCallback=true
,以便为每个 activity 选择启用预测性返回系统动画,而不是为整个应用选择启用。 - 我们添加了新的系统动画,以配合 Android 13 中的“返回主屏幕”动画。新的系统动画是跨 activity 和跨任务的,您可在迁移到预测性返回后自动获得该动画。
- 我们为底部动作条、侧边动作条和搜索添加了新的 Material 组件动画。
- 我们制作了有关如何创建自定义应用内动画和转换的设计指南。
- 我们添加了许多新 API 来支持自定义的应用内转换动画:
在此 Android 14 预览版中,所有预测性返回功能都是位于开发者选项背后。请参阅与将您的应用迁移到预测性返回有关的开发者指南,以及与创建自定义应用内转换有关的开发者指南。
Forçages par application du fabricant d'appareils à grand écran
Per-app overrides enable device manufacturers to change the behavior of apps on large screen devices. For example, the FORCE_RESIZE_APP
override instructs the system to resize the app to fit display dimensions (avoiding size compatibility mode) even if resizeableActivity="false"
is set in the app manifest.
Overrides are intended to improve the user experience on large screens.
New manifest properties enable you to disable some device manufacturer overrides for your app.
Forçages par application pour les utilisateurs sur grand écran
Per-app overrides change the behavior of apps on large screen devices. For example, the OVERRIDE_MIN_ASPECT_RATIO_LARGE
device manufacturer override sets the app aspect ratio to 16:9 regardless of the app's configuration.
Android 14 QPR1 enables users to apply per‑app overrides by means of a new settings menu on large screen devices.
Partager le contenu d'une appli sur l'écran
借助应用界面共享功能,用户可以在录制屏幕内容时共享应用窗口,而不是整个设备屏幕。
在应用屏幕共享模式下,状态栏、导航栏、通知和其他系统界面元素会从共享显示屏中排除。系统只会分享所选应用的内容。
应用屏幕共享功能可让用户运行多个应用,但将内容共享限制为单个应用,从而提高工作效率并保护隐私。
Réponse suggérée optimisée par LLM dans Gboard sur un Pixel 8 Pro
On Pixel 8 Pro devices with the December Feature Drop, developers can try out higher-quality smart replies in Gboard powered by on-device Large Language Models (LLMs) running on Google Tensor.
This feature is available as a limited preview for US English in WhatsApp, Line, and KakaoTalk. It requires using a Pixel 8 Pro device with Gboard as your keyboard.
To try it out, first enable the feature in Settings > Developer Options > AiCore Settings > Enable Aicore Persistent.
Next, open a conversation in a supported app to see LLM-powered Smart Reply in Gboard's suggestion strip in response to incoming messages.
Graphiques
Les chemins sont interrogeables et interpolables
Android 的 Path
API 是一种强大且灵活的机制,可用于创建和渲染矢量图形,能够描边或填充路径、根据线段或二次曲线或立方曲线构建路径、执行布尔运算以获取更复杂的形状,或同时执行所有这些操作。但有一个限制是,您无法了解 Path 对象中实际包含的内容;该对象的内部信息在创建后对调用方是不透明的。
如需创建 Path
,您可以调用 moveTo()
、lineTo()
和 cubicTo()
等方法来添加路径段。但是,无法询问该路径有哪些片段,因此您必须在创建时保留该信息。
从 Android 14 开始,您可以查询路径以了解其内部内容。首先,您需要使用 Path.getPathIterator
API 获取 PathIterator
对象:
Kotlin
val path = Path().apply { moveTo(1.0f, 1.0f) lineTo(2.0f, 2.0f) close() } val pathIterator = path.pathIterator
Java
Path path = new Path(); path.moveTo(1.0F, 1.0F); path.lineTo(2.0F, 2.0F); path.close(); PathIterator pathIterator = path.getPathIterator();
接下来,您可以调用 PathIterator
逐个遍历片段,并检索每个片段的所有必要数据。以下示例使用了 PathIterator.Segment
对象,它会为您打包数据:
Kotlin
for (segment in pathIterator) { println("segment: ${segment.verb}, ${segment.points}") }
Java
while (pathIterator.hasNext()) { PathIterator.Segment segment = pathIterator.next(); Log.i(LOG_TAG, "segment: " + segment.getVerb() + ", " + segment.getPoints()); }
PathIterator
还有一个非分配版 next()
,您可以在其中传入缓冲区来保存点数据。
查询 Path
数据的一个重要用例是插值。例如,您可能想在两个不同的路径之间添加动画(或变形)。为了进一步简化该用例,Android 14 针对 Path
还包含 interpolate()
方法。假设两个路径具有相同的内部结构,interpolate()
方法会使用该插值结果创建一个新的 Path
。以下示例返回了一个形状介于 path
和 otherPath
之间的一半(线性插值为 0.5)的路径:
Kotlin
val interpolatedResult = Path() if (path.isInterpolatable(otherPath)) { path.interpolate(otherPath, .5f, interpolatedResult) }
Java
Path interpolatedResult = new Path(); if (path.isInterpolatable(otherPath)) { path.interpolate(otherPath, 0.5F, interpolatedResult); }
Jetpack graphics-path 库也为早期版本的 Android 启用了类似的 API。
Maillages personnalisés avec des nuanceurs de sommets et de fragments
Android 长期以来一直支持使用自定义着色绘制三角网格,但输入网格格式仅限于一些预定义的属性组合。Android 14 增加了对自定义网格的支持,可将其定义为三角形或三角形条,并且可以选择是否编入索引。这些网格是使用自定义属性、顶点步长、可变以及使用 AGSL 编写的顶点着色器和片段着色器指定的。
顶点着色器定义了位置和颜色等变量,而片段着色器可以选择为像素定义颜色,通常是使用顶点着色器创建的变量。如果片段着色器提供颜色,则系统会使用绘制网格时选择的混合模式将其与当前 Paint
颜色混合。Uniform 可以传递到片段着色器和顶点着色器,以提高灵活性。
Moteur de rendu de tampon matériel pour Canvas
协助使用 Android 的 Canvas
API 通过
硬件加速至 HardwareBuffer
、Android 14
引入了 HardwareBufferRenderer
。如果您的用例涉及通过 SurfaceControl
与系统合成器通信以实现低延迟绘制,此 API 特别有用。