androidx.leanback 库提供的媒体浏览界面类包含用于显示媒体项相关附加信息(例如说明或评价)的类。其中还包含用于对相应商品执行操作的类,例如购买该商品或播放其内容。
本指南介绍如何为媒体项目详情创建 Presenter 类,以及如何通过扩展 DetailsSupportFragment
类在用户选择媒体项目时实现其详情视图。
注意:此处显示的实现示例使用一个额外的 Activity 来容纳 DetailsSupportFragment
。不过,通过使用 Fragment 事务在同一 Activity 中将 BrowseSupportFragment
替换为 DetailsSupportFragment
,可以避免创建第二个 Activity。如需详细了解如何使用 fragment 事务,请参阅创建 fragment。
构建详情 Presenter
在 Leanback 界面工具包提供的媒体浏览框架中,您可以使用 Presenter 对象控制数据(包括媒体项目详情)在屏幕上的显示。为此,框架提供了 AbstractDetailsDescriptionPresenter
类,该类几乎是对媒体项目详情 Presenter 的完整实现。您只需实现 onBindDescription()
方法,以将视图字段绑定到您的数据对象,如以下代码示例所示:
Kotlin
class DetailsDescriptionPresenter : AbstractDetailsDescriptionPresenter() { override fun onBindDescription(viewHolder: AbstractDetailsDescriptionPresenter.ViewHolder, itemData: Any) { val details = itemData as MyMediaItemDetails // In a production app, the itemData object contains the information // needed to display details for the media item: // viewHolder.title.text = details.shortTitle // Here we provide static data for testing purposes: viewHolder.apply { title.text = itemData.toString() subtitle.text = "2014 Drama TV-14" body.text = ("Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur " + "adipisicing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore " + " et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis " + "nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea " + "commodo consequat.") } } }
Java
public class DetailsDescriptionPresenter extends AbstractDetailsDescriptionPresenter { @Override protected void onBindDescription(ViewHolder viewHolder, Object itemData) { MyMediaItemDetails details = (MyMediaItemDetails) itemData; // In a production app, the itemData object contains the information // needed to display details for the media item: // viewHolder.getTitle().setText(details.getShortTitle()); // Here we provide static data for testing purposes: viewHolder.getTitle().setText(itemData.toString()); viewHolder.getSubtitle().setText("2014 Drama TV-14"); viewHolder.getBody().setText("Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur " + "adipisicing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore " + " et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis " + "nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea " + "commodo consequat."); } }
扩展详情 Fragment
使用 DetailsSupportFragment
类显示媒体项目详情时,请扩展该类以提供媒体项目的预览图片和相关操作。您还可以提供其他内容,例如相关媒体项的列表。
以下示例代码演示了如何使用上一部分中显示的 Presenter 类为正在查看的媒体项添加预览图片和相关操作。此示例还展示了如何添加相关媒体项行,该行显示在详情列表下方。
Kotlin
private const val TAG = "MediaItemDetailsFragment" class MediaItemDetailsFragment : DetailsSupportFragment() { private lateinit var rowsAdapter: ArrayObjectAdapter override fun onCreate(savedInstanceState: Bundle?) { Log.i(TAG, "onCreate") super.onCreate(savedInstanceState) buildDetails() } private fun buildDetails() { val selector = ClassPresenterSelector().apply { // Attach your media item details presenter to the row presenter: FullWidthDetailsOverviewRowPresenter(DetailsDescriptionPresenter()).also { addClassPresenter(DetailsOverviewRow::class.java, it) } addClassPresenter(ListRow::class.java, ListRowPresenter()) } rowsAdapter = ArrayObjectAdapter(selector) val res = activity.resources val detailsOverview = DetailsOverviewRow("Media Item Details").apply { // Add images and action buttons to the details view imageDrawable = res.getDrawable(R.drawable.jelly_beans) addAction(Action(1, "Buy $9.99")) addAction(Action(2, "Rent $2.99")) } rowsAdapter.add(detailsOverview) // Add a related items row val listRowAdapter = ArrayObjectAdapter(StringPresenter()).apply { add("Media Item 1") add("Media Item 2") add("Media Item 3") } val header = HeaderItem(0, "Related Items") rowsAdapter.add(ListRow(header, listRowAdapter)) adapter = rowsAdapter } }
Java
public class MediaItemDetailsFragment extends DetailsSupportFragment { private static final String TAG = "MediaItemDetailsFragment"; private ArrayObjectAdapter rowsAdapter; @Override public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { Log.i(TAG, "onCreate"); super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); buildDetails(); } private void buildDetails() { ClassPresenterSelector selector = new ClassPresenterSelector(); // Attach your media item details presenter to the row presenter: FullWidthDetailsOverviewRowPresenter rowPresenter = new FullWidthDetailsOverviewRowPresenter( new DetailsDescriptionPresenter()); selector.addClassPresenter(DetailsOverviewRow.class, rowPresenter); selector.addClassPresenter(ListRow.class, new ListRowPresenter()); rowsAdapter = new ArrayObjectAdapter(selector); Resources res = getActivity().getResources(); DetailsOverviewRow detailsOverview = new DetailsOverviewRow( "Media Item Details"); // Add images and action buttons to the details view detailsOverview.setImageDrawable(res.getDrawable(R.drawable.jelly_beans)); detailsOverview.addAction(new Action(1, "Buy $9.99")); detailsOverview.addAction(new Action(2, "Rent $2.99")); rowsAdapter.add(detailsOverview); // Add a related items row ArrayObjectAdapter listRowAdapter = new ArrayObjectAdapter( new StringPresenter()); listRowAdapter.add("Media Item 1"); listRowAdapter.add("Media Item 2"); listRowAdapter.add("Media Item 3"); HeaderItem header = new HeaderItem(0, "Related Items", null); rowsAdapter.add(new ListRow(header, listRowAdapter)); setAdapter(rowsAdapter); } }
创建详情 Activity
诸如 DetailsSupportFragment
之类的 Fragment 必须包含在 Activity 内,才能用于显示。为详情视图创建一个 Activity(独立于浏览 Activity)可让您使用 Intent
调用详情视图。本部分介绍如何构建一个 Activity 来容纳您对媒体项目详情视图的实现。
通过构建一个引用 DetailsSupportFragment
实现的布局来创建详情 activity:
<!-- file: res/layout/details.xml --> <fragment xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" android:name="com.example.android.mediabrowser.MediaItemDetailsFragment" android:id="@+id/details_fragment" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="match_parent" />
接下来,创建一个使用上一代码示例中所示布局的 activity 类:
Kotlin
class DetailsActivity : FragmentActivity() { override fun onCreate(savedInstanceState: Bundle?) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState) setContentView(R.layout.details) } }
Java
public class DetailsActivity extends FragmentActivity { @Override public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.details); } }
最后,将这个新 activity 添加到清单中。请记得应用 Leanback 主题背景,以确保界面与媒体浏览 Activity 保持一致。
<application> ... <activity android:name=".DetailsActivity" android:exported="true" android:theme="@style/Theme.Leanback"/> </application>
为点击的项目定义监听器
实现 DetailsSupportFragment
后,请将您的主媒体浏览视图修改为在用户点击媒体项时切换到详情视图。如需启用此行为,请向 BrowseSupportFragment
添加一个 OnItemViewClickedListener
对象,以触发启动商品详情 activity 的 intent。
以下示例展示了如何实现一个监听器,以在用户点击主媒体浏览 activity 中的媒体项时启动详情视图:
Kotlin
class BrowseMediaActivity : FragmentActivity() { ... override fun onCreate(savedInstanceState: Bundle?) { ... // Create the media item rows buildRowsAdapter() // Add a listener for selected items browseFragment.onItemViewClickedListener = OnItemViewClickedListener { _, item, _, _ -> println("Media Item clicked: ${item}") val intent = Intent(this@BrowseMediaActivity, DetailsActivity::class.java).apply { // Pass the item information extras.putLong("id", item.getId()) } startActivity(intent) } } }
Java
public class BrowseMediaActivity extends FragmentActivity { ... @Override protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { ... // Create the media item rows buildRowsAdapter(); // Add a listener for selected items browseFragment.OnItemViewClickedListener( new OnItemViewClickedListener() { @Override public void onItemClicked(Object item, Row row) { System.out.println("Media Item clicked: " + item.toString()); Intent intent = new Intent(BrowseMediaActivity.this, DetailsActivity.class); // Pass the item information intent.getExtras().putLong("id", item.getId()); startActivity(intent); } }); } }