在 Wear OS 上创建列表
使用集合让一切井井有条
根据您的偏好保存内容并对其进行分类。
试试 Compose 方式
Jetpack Compose on Wear OS 是适用于 Wear OS 的推荐界面工具包。
在 Wear OS 设备上,用户可通过列表轻松地从一组选项中选择一个项目。
穿戴式设备界面库包含 WearableRecyclerView
类,它是 RecyclerView
的实现,用于创建针对穿戴式设备进行了优化的列表。您可以通过创建一个新的 WearableRecyclerView
容器,在穿戴式应用中使用此界面。
对于简单项目的长列表(例如应用启动器或联系人列表),请使用 WearableRecyclerView
。每个项目可能具有一个简短的字符串和一个关联的图标。或者,每个项目也可能只有一个字符串或一个图标。
注意:请避免使用复杂的布局。用户应该只需要扫一眼项目就能知道它是什么,尤其是在穿戴式设备屏幕尺寸有限的情况下。
通过扩展现有 RecyclerView
类,默认情况下,WearableRecyclerView
API 会在直列表中显示一系列可垂直滚动的项目。在您的穿戴式应用中,您可以使用 WearableRecyclerView
API 选择启用曲线布局和环形滚动手势。
图 1. Wear OS 上的默认列表视图。
本指南将向您介绍如何使用 WearableRecyclerView
类在 Wear OS 应用中创建列表、如何为可滚动项目选择启用曲线布局,以及如何自定义滚动时的子视图外观。
使用 XML 将 WearableRecyclerView 添加到 activity
以下布局会将 WearableRecyclerView
添加到 activity:
<androidx.wear.widget.WearableRecyclerView
xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
android:id="@+id/recycler_launcher_view"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:scrollbars="vertical" />
以下示例展示了应用于 activity 的 WearableRecyclerView
:
Kotlin
class MainActivity : Activity() {
override fun onCreate(savedInstanceState: Bundle?) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState)
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main)
}
...
}
Java
public class MainActivity extends Activity {
@Override
public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
}
...
}
创建曲线布局
如需为穿戴式应用中的可滚动项目创建曲线布局,请执行以下操作:
Kotlin
wearableRecyclerView.apply {
// To align the edge children (first and last) with the center of the screen.
isEdgeItemsCenteringEnabled = true
...
layoutManager = WearableLinearLayoutManager(this@MainActivity)
}
Java
// To align the edge children (first and last) with the center of the screen.
wearableRecyclerView.setEdgeItemsCenteringEnabled(true);
...
wearableRecyclerView.setLayoutManager(
new WearableLinearLayoutManager(this));
如果您的应用在自定义滚动时的子视图外观方面有特定要求(例如,在项目从中心向外滚动时缩放图标和文本),请扩展
WearableLinearLayoutManager.LayoutCallback
类并替换
onLayoutFinished
方法。
以下代码段举例说明了如何通过扩展 WearableLinearLayoutManager.LayoutCallback
类来自定义随着项目向离中心越来越远的位置滚动而进行缩放:
Kotlin
/** How much icons should scale, at most. */
private const val MAX_ICON_PROGRESS = 0.65f
class CustomScrollingLayoutCallback : WearableLinearLayoutManager.LayoutCallback() {
private var progressToCenter: Float = 0f
override fun onLayoutFinished(child: View, parent: RecyclerView) {
child.apply {
// Figure out % progress from top to bottom.
val centerOffset = height.toFloat() / 2.0f / parent.height.toFloat()
val yRelativeToCenterOffset = y / parent.height + centerOffset
// Normalize for center.
progressToCenter = Math.abs(0.5f - yRelativeToCenterOffset)
// Adjust to the maximum scale.
progressToCenter = Math.min(progressToCenter, MAX_ICON_PROGRESS)
scaleX = 1 - progressToCenter
scaleY = 1 - progressToCenter
}
}
}
Java
public class CustomScrollingLayoutCallback extends WearableLinearLayoutManager.LayoutCallback {
/** How much icons should scale, at most. */
private static final float MAX_ICON_PROGRESS = 0.65f;
private float progressToCenter;
@Override
public void onLayoutFinished(View child, RecyclerView parent) {
// Figure out % progress from top to bottom.
float centerOffset = ((float) child.getHeight() / 2.0f) / (float) parent.getHeight();
float yRelativeToCenterOffset = (child.getY() / parent.getHeight()) + centerOffset;
// Normalize for center.
progressToCenter = Math.abs(0.5f - yRelativeToCenterOffset);
// Adjust to the maximum scale.
progressToCenter = Math.min(progressToCenter, MAX_ICON_PROGRESS);
child.setScaleX(1 - progressToCenter);
child.setScaleY(1 - progressToCenter);
}
}
Kotlin
wearableRecyclerView.layoutManager =
WearableLinearLayoutManager(this, CustomScrollingLayoutCallback())
Java
CustomScrollingLayoutCallback customScrollingLayoutCallback =
new CustomScrollingLayoutCallback();
wearableRecyclerView.setLayoutManager(
new WearableLinearLayoutManager(this, customScrollingLayoutCallback));
本页面上的内容和代码示例受内容许可部分所述许可的限制。Java 和 OpenJDK 是 Oracle 和/或其关联公司的注册商标。
最后更新时间 (UTC):2025-07-26。
[null,null,["最后更新时间 (UTC):2025-07-26。"],[],[],null,["# Create lists on Wear OS\n\nTry the Compose way \nJetpack Compose on Wear OS is the recommended UI toolkit for Wear OS. \n[Create lists using Compose on Wear OS →](/training/wearables/compose/lists) \n\n\nLists let users select an item from a set of choices easily on Wear OS devices.\n\n\nThe Wearable UI Library includes the\n[`WearableRecyclerView`](/reference/androidx/wear/widget/WearableRecyclerView) class, which is a\n[`RecyclerView`](/reference/androidx/recyclerview/widget/RecyclerView)\nimplementation for creating lists optimized for wearable devices. You can use this\ninterface in your wearable app by creating a new `WearableRecyclerView` container.\n\n\nUse a `WearableRecyclerView` for a\nlong list of simple items, such as an application launcher or a list of contacts. Each item might\nhave a short string and an associated icon. Alternatively, each item might have only a string\nor an icon.\n\n\n**Note:** Avoid complex layouts. Users should only need to glance at an item to\nunderstand what it is, especially with wearables' limited screen size.\n\n\nBy extending the existing `RecyclerView` class, `WearableRecyclerView`\nAPIs display a vertically scrollable list of items in a straight list by default. You can also use\nthe `WearableRecyclerView` APIs to opt-in for a curved layout and\na [circular scrolling gesture](/reference/androidx/wear/widget/WearableRecyclerView#setCircularScrollingGestureEnabled(boolean))\nin your wearable apps.\n\n**Figure 1.**\nDefault list view on Wear OS.\n\n\nThis guide shows you how to use the `WearableRecyclerView` class to create\nlists in your Wear OS apps, how to opt-in for a curved layout\nfor your scrollable items, and how to customize the appearance of\nthe children while scrolling.\n\nAdd WearableRecyclerView to an activity using XML\n-------------------------------------------------\n\n\nThe following layout adds a `WearableRecyclerView` to an activity: \n\n```xml\n\u003candroidx.wear.widget.WearableRecyclerView\n xmlns:android=\"http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android\"\n xmlns:tools=\"http://schemas.android.com/tools\"\n android:id=\"@+id/recycler_launcher_view\"\n android:layout_width=\"match_parent\"\n android:layout_height=\"match_parent\"\n android:scrollbars=\"vertical\" /\u003e\n```\n\n\nThe following example shows the `WearableRecyclerView`\napplied to an activity: \n\n### Kotlin\n\n```kotlin\nclass MainActivity : Activity() {\n\n override fun onCreate(savedInstanceState: Bundle?) {\n super.onCreate(savedInstanceState)\n setContentView(R.layout.activity_main)\n }\n ...\n}\n```\n\n### Java\n\n```java\npublic class MainActivity extends Activity {\n @Override\n public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {\n super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);\n setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);\n }\n ...\n}\n```\n\nCreate a curved layout\n----------------------\n\n\nTo create a curved layout for scrollable items in your wearable app, do the following:\n\n- Use [`WearableRecyclerView`](/reference/androidx/wear/widget/WearableRecyclerView) as your main container in the relevant XML layout.\n- Set the [`setEdgeItemsCenteringEnabled(boolean)`](/reference/androidx/wear/widget/WearableRecyclerView#setEdgeItemsCenteringEnabled(boolean)) method to `true`. This vertically centers the first and last items on the list on the screen.\n- Use the `WearableRecyclerView.setLayoutManager()` method to set the layout of the items on the screen.\n\n### Kotlin\n\n```kotlin\nwearableRecyclerView.apply {\n // To align the edge children (first and last) with the center of the screen.\n isEdgeItemsCenteringEnabled = true\n ...\n layoutManager = WearableLinearLayoutManager(this@MainActivity)\n}\n```\n\n### Java\n\n```java\n// To align the edge children (first and last) with the center of the screen.\nwearableRecyclerView.setEdgeItemsCenteringEnabled(true);\n...\nwearableRecyclerView.setLayoutManager(\n new WearableLinearLayoutManager(this));\n```\n\n\nIf your app has specific requirements to customize the appearance of the children while scrolling---for example,\nscaling the icons and text while the items scroll away from the center---extend\nthe [`WearableLinearLayoutManager.LayoutCallback`](/reference/androidx/wear/widget/WearableLinearLayoutManager.LayoutCallback) class and override the\n[`onLayoutFinished`](/reference/androidx/wear/widget/WearableLinearLayoutManager.LayoutCallback#onLayoutFinished(android.view.View, androidx.recyclerview.widget.RecyclerView)) method.\n\n\nThe following code snippets show an example of customizing the scrolling of items to scale\nfarther away from the center by extending the\n`WearableLinearLayoutManager.LayoutCallback` class: \n\n### Kotlin\n\n```kotlin\n/** How much icons should scale, at most. */\nprivate const val MAX_ICON_PROGRESS = 0.65f\n\nclass CustomScrollingLayoutCallback : WearableLinearLayoutManager.LayoutCallback() {\n\n private var progressToCenter: Float = 0f\n\n override fun onLayoutFinished(child: View, parent: RecyclerView) {\n child.apply {\n // Figure out % progress from top to bottom.\n val centerOffset = height.toFloat() / 2.0f / parent.height.toFloat()\n val yRelativeToCenterOffset = y / parent.height + centerOffset\n\n // Normalize for center.\n progressToCenter = Math.abs(0.5f - yRelativeToCenterOffset)\n // Adjust to the maximum scale.\n progressToCenter = Math.min(progressToCenter, MAX_ICON_PROGRESS)\n\n scaleX = 1 - progressToCenter\n scaleY = 1 - progressToCenter\n }\n }\n}\n```\n\n### Java\n\n```java\npublic class CustomScrollingLayoutCallback extends WearableLinearLayoutManager.LayoutCallback {\n /** How much icons should scale, at most. */\n private static final float MAX_ICON_PROGRESS = 0.65f;\n\n private float progressToCenter;\n\n @Override\n public void onLayoutFinished(View child, RecyclerView parent) {\n\n // Figure out % progress from top to bottom.\n float centerOffset = ((float) child.getHeight() / 2.0f) / (float) parent.getHeight();\n float yRelativeToCenterOffset = (child.getY() / parent.getHeight()) + centerOffset;\n\n // Normalize for center.\n progressToCenter = Math.abs(0.5f - yRelativeToCenterOffset);\n // Adjust to the maximum scale.\n progressToCenter = Math.min(progressToCenter, MAX_ICON_PROGRESS);\n\n child.setScaleX(1 - progressToCenter);\n child.setScaleY(1 - progressToCenter);\n }\n}\n``` \n\n### Kotlin\n\n```kotlin\nwearableRecyclerView.layoutManager =\n WearableLinearLayoutManager(this, CustomScrollingLayoutCallback())\n```\n\n### Java\n\n```java\nCustomScrollingLayoutCallback customScrollingLayoutCallback =\n new CustomScrollingLayoutCallback();\nwearableRecyclerView.setLayoutManager(\n new WearableLinearLayoutManager(this, customScrollingLayoutCallback));\n```"]]