DASH
使用集合让一切井井有条
根据您的偏好保存内容并对其进行分类。
ExoPlayer 支持多种容器格式的 DASH。媒体流必须经过解复用,这意味着视频、音频和文本必须在 DASH 清单中的不同 AdaptationSet
元素中定义(CEA-608 除外,如下表中所述)。所含音频和视频样本格式也必须受支持(有关详情,请参阅样本格式部分)。
功能 |
支持 |
评论 |
容器 |
|
|
FMP4 |
是 |
仅限解复用的流 |
WebM |
是 |
仅限解复用的流 |
Matroska |
是 |
仅限解复用的流 |
MPEG-TS |
否 |
未规划支持 |
字幕 |
|
|
TTML
|
是
|
原始格式,或根据 ISO/IEC 14496-30 嵌入到 FMP4 中 |
WebVTT
|
是
|
原始格式,或根据 ISO/IEC 14496-30 嵌入到 FMP4 中 |
CEA-608
|
是
|
使用 SCTE 无障碍描述符发出信号时嵌入到 FMP4 中 |
CEA-708
|
是
|
使用 SCTE 无障碍描述符发出信号时嵌入到 FMP4 中 |
元数据 |
|
|
EMSG 元数据 |
是 |
嵌入在 FMP4 中 |
内容保护 |
|
|
Widevine
|
是
|
“cenc”方案:API 19 及更高版本;“cbcs”方案:API 25 及更高版本 |
PlayReady SL2000 |
是 |
Android TV,仅限“cenc”方案 |
ClearKey |
是 |
API 21 及更高级别,仅限“cenc”方案 |
广告插播 |
|
|
多时段播放 |
是 |
|
服务器引导的广告插播
(xlinks) |
否
|
|
IMA 服务器端广告和客户端广告 |
是
|
广告插播指南
|
直播 |
|
|
常规直播播放 |
是 |
|
超低延迟 CMAF 直播 |
是
|
|
通用媒体客户端数据
(CMCD) |
是
|
CMCD 集成指南
|
如需播放 DASH 流,您需要依赖于 DASH 模块。
Kotlin
implementation("androidx.media3:media3-exoplayer-dash:1.8.0")
Groovy
implementation "androidx.media3:media3-exoplayer-dash:1.8.0"
然后,您可以为 DASH MPD URI 创建 MediaItem
并将其传递给播放器。
Kotlin
// Create a player instance.
val player = ExoPlayer.Builder(context).build()
// Set the media item to be played.
player.setMediaItem(MediaItem.fromUri(dashUri))
// Prepare the player.
player.prepare()
Java
// Create a player instance.
ExoPlayer player = new ExoPlayer.Builder(context).build();
// Set the media item to be played.
player.setMediaItem(MediaItem.fromUri(dashUri));
// Prepare the player.
player.prepare();
如果您的 URI 不以 .mpd
结尾,您可以将 MimeTypes.APPLICATION_MPD
传递给 MediaItem.Builder
的 setMimeType
,以明确指明内容的类型。
ExoPlayer 会根据清单中定义的表示形式自动进行调整,同时考虑可用带宽和设备功能。
如需更多自定义选项,您可以创建 DashMediaSource
并将其直接传递给播放器,而不是传递 MediaItem
。
Kotlin
val dataSourceFactory: DataSource.Factory = DefaultHttpDataSource.Factory()
// Create a dash media source pointing to a dash manifest uri.
val mediaSource: MediaSource =
DashMediaSource.Factory(dataSourceFactory).createMediaSource(MediaItem.fromUri(dashUri))
// Create a player instance which gets an adaptive track selector by default.
val player = ExoPlayer.Builder(context).build()
// Set the media source to be played.
player.setMediaSource(mediaSource)
// Prepare the player.
player.prepare()
Java
DataSource.Factory dataSourceFactory = new DefaultHttpDataSource.Factory();
// Create a dash media source pointing to a dash manifest uri.
MediaSource mediaSource =
new DashMediaSource.Factory(dataSourceFactory)
.createMediaSource(MediaItem.fromUri(dashUri));
// Create a player instance which gets an adaptive track selector by default.
ExoPlayer player = new ExoPlayer.Builder(context).build();
// Set the media source to be played.
player.setMediaSource(mediaSource);
// Prepare the player.
player.prepare();
访问清单
您可以通过调用 Player.getCurrentManifest
来检索当前清单。
对于 DASH,您应将返回的对象强制转换为 DashManifest
。每当加载清单时,系统也会调用 Player.Listener
的 onTimelineChanged
回调。对于点播内容,此操作会发生一次;对于直播内容,此操作可能会发生多次。以下代码段展示了应用如何在每次加载清单时执行某些操作。
Kotlin
player.addListener(
object : Player.Listener {
override fun onTimelineChanged(timeline: Timeline, @TimelineChangeReason reason: Int) {
val manifest = player.currentManifest
if (manifest is DashManifest) {
// Do something with the manifest.
}
}
}
)
Java
player.addListener(
new Player.Listener() {
@Override
public void onTimelineChanged(
Timeline timeline, @Player.TimelineChangeReason int reason) {
Object manifest = player.getCurrentManifest();
if (manifest != null) {
DashManifest dashManifest = (DashManifest) manifest;
// Do something with the manifest.
}
}
});
自定义播放
ExoPlayer 提供了多种方式,让您可以根据应用的需求量身定制播放体验。如需查看示例,请参阅自定义页面。
本页面上的内容和代码示例受内容许可部分所述许可的限制。Java 和 OpenJDK 是 Oracle 和/或其关联公司的注册商标。
最后更新时间 (UTC):2025-08-21。
[null,null,["最后更新时间 (UTC):2025-08-21。"],[],[],null,["# DASH\n\nExoPlayer supports DASH with multiple container formats. Media streams must be\ndemuxed, meaning that video, audio, and text must be defined in distinct\n`AdaptationSet` elements in the DASH manifest (CEA-608 is an exception as\ndescribed in the table below). The contained audio and video sample formats must\nalso be supported (see the\n[sample formats](/media/media3/exoplayer/supported-formats#sample-formats) section for details).\n\n| Feature | Supported | Comments |\n|-----------------------------------------|-----------|----------------------------------------------------------------------|\n| **Containers** | | |\n| FMP4 | YES | Demuxed streams only |\n| WebM | YES | Demuxed streams only |\n| Matroska | YES | Demuxed streams only |\n| MPEG-TS | NO | No support planned |\n| **Closed captions /** **subtitles** | | |\n| TTML | YES | Raw, or embedded in FMP4 according to ISO/IEC 14496-30 |\n| WebVTT | YES | Raw, or embedded in FMP4 according to ISO/IEC 14496-30 |\n| CEA-608 | YES | Embedded in FMP4 when signalled using SCTE Accessibility descriptors |\n| CEA-708 | YES | Embedded in FMP4 when signalled using SCTE Accessibility descriptors |\n| **Metadata** | | |\n| EMSG metadata | YES | Embedded in FMP4 |\n| **Content protection** | | |\n| Widevine | YES | \"cenc\" scheme: API 19+; \"cbcs\" scheme: API 25+ |\n| PlayReady SL2000 | YES | Android TV, \"cenc\" scheme only |\n| ClearKey | YES | API 21+, \"cenc\" scheme only |\n| **Ad insertion** | | |\n| Multi-period playback | YES | |\n| Server-guided ad insertion (xlinks) | NO | |\n| IMA server-side and client-side ads | YES | [Ad insertion guide](/media/media3/exoplayer/ad-insertion) |\n| **Live playback** | | |\n| Regular live playback | YES | |\n| Ultra low-latency CMAF live playback | YES | |\n| **Common Media Client Data** **(CMCD)** | YES | [CMCD integration guide](/media/media3/exoplayer/cmcd) |\n\nUsing MediaItem\n---------------\n\nTo play a DASH stream, you need to depend on the DASH module. \n\n### Kotlin\n\n```kotlin\nimplementation(\"androidx.media3:media3-exoplayer-dash:1.8.0\")\n```\n\n### Groovy\n\n```groovy\nimplementation \"androidx.media3:media3-exoplayer-dash:1.8.0\"\n```\n\nYou can then create a `MediaItem` for a DASH MPD URI and pass it to the player. \n\n### Kotlin\n\n```kotlin\n// Create a player instance.\nval player = ExoPlayer.Builder(context).build()\n// Set the media item to be played.\nplayer.setMediaItem(MediaItem.fromUri(dashUri))\n// Prepare the player.\nplayer.prepare()\n```\n\n### Java\n\n```java\n// Create a player instance.\nExoPlayer player = new ExoPlayer.Builder(context).build();\n// Set the media item to be played.\nplayer.setMediaItem(MediaItem.fromUri(dashUri));\n// Prepare the player.\nplayer.prepare();\n```\n\n\u003cbr /\u003e\n\nIf your URI doesn't end with `.mpd`, you can pass `MimeTypes.APPLICATION_MPD`\nto `setMimeType` of `MediaItem.Builder` to explicitly indicate the type of the\ncontent.\n\nExoPlayer will automatically adapt between representations defined in the\nmanifest, taking into account both available bandwidth and device capabilities.\n\nUsing DashMediaSource\n---------------------\n\nFor more customization options, you can create a `DashMediaSource` and pass it\ndirectly to the player instead of a `MediaItem`. \n\n### Kotlin\n\n```kotlin\nval dataSourceFactory: DataSource.Factory = DefaultHttpDataSource.Factory()\n// Create a dash media source pointing to a dash manifest uri.\nval mediaSource: MediaSource =\n DashMediaSource.Factory(dataSourceFactory).createMediaSource(MediaItem.fromUri(dashUri))\n// Create a player instance which gets an adaptive track selector by default.\nval player = ExoPlayer.Builder(context).build()\n// Set the media source to be played.\nplayer.setMediaSource(mediaSource)\n// Prepare the player.\nplayer.prepare()\n```\n\n### Java\n\n```java\nDataSource.Factory dataSourceFactory = new DefaultHttpDataSource.Factory();\n// Create a dash media source pointing to a dash manifest uri.\nMediaSource mediaSource =\n new DashMediaSource.Factory(dataSourceFactory)\n .createMediaSource(MediaItem.fromUri(dashUri));\n// Create a player instance which gets an adaptive track selector by default.\nExoPlayer player = new ExoPlayer.Builder(context).build();\n// Set the media source to be played.\nplayer.setMediaSource(mediaSource);\n// Prepare the player.\nplayer.prepare();\n```\n\n\u003cbr /\u003e\n\nAccessing the manifest\n----------------------\n\nYou can retrieve the current manifest by calling `Player.getCurrentManifest`.\nFor DASH you should cast the returned object to `DashManifest`. The\n`onTimelineChanged` callback of `Player.Listener` is also called whenever\nthe manifest is loaded. This will happen once for a on-demand content, and\npossibly many times for live content. The following code snippet shows how an app\ncan do something whenever the manifest is loaded. \n\n### Kotlin\n\n```kotlin\nplayer.addListener(\n object : Player.Listener {\n override fun onTimelineChanged(timeline: Timeline, @TimelineChangeReason reason: Int) {\n val manifest = player.currentManifest\n if (manifest is DashManifest) {\n // Do something with the manifest.\n }\n }\n }\n)\n```\n\n### Java\n\n```java\nplayer.addListener(\n new Player.Listener() {\n @Override\n public void onTimelineChanged(\n Timeline timeline, @Player.TimelineChangeReason int reason) {\n Object manifest = player.getCurrentManifest();\n if (manifest != null) {\n DashManifest dashManifest = (DashManifest) manifest;\n // Do something with the manifest.\n }\n }\n });\n```\n\n\u003cbr /\u003e\n\nCustomizing playback\n--------------------\n\nExoPlayer provides multiple ways for you to tailor playback experience to your\napp's needs. See the [Customization page](/guide/topics/media/exoplayer/customization) for examples."]]