在屏幕上绘制对象是 OpenGL 的基本功能,但您也可以使用其他 Android 图形框架类(包括 Canvas
和 Drawable
对象)来执行此操作。OpenGL ES 提供了其他功能,能够在三维空间或以其他独特方式移动和转换绘制的对象,从而打造具有吸引力的用户体验。
在本课中,您将学习如何通过旋转为形状添加动画效果,从而进一步利用 OpenGL ES。
旋转形状
使用 OpenGL ES 2.0 旋转绘制的对象相对比较简单。在渲染程序中,再创建一个转换矩阵(旋转矩阵),然后将其与投影和相机视图转换矩阵相结合:
Kotlin
private val rotationMatrix = FloatArray(16) override fun onDrawFrame(gl: GL10) { val scratch = FloatArray(16) ... // Create a rotation transformation for the triangle val time = SystemClock.uptimeMillis() % 4000L val angle = 0.090f * time.toInt() Matrix.setRotateM(rotationMatrix, 0, angle, 0f, 0f, -1.0f) // Combine the rotation matrix with the projection and camera view // Note that the vPMatrix factor *must be first* in order // for the matrix multiplication product to be correct. Matrix.multiplyMM(scratch, 0, vPMatrix, 0, rotationMatrix, 0) // Draw triangle mTriangle.draw(scratch) }
Java
private float[] rotationMatrix = new float[16]; Override public void onDrawFrame(GL10 gl) { float[] scratch = new float[16]; ... // Create a rotation transformation for the triangle long time = SystemClock.uptimeMillis() % 4000L; float angle = 0.090f * ((int) time); Matrix.setRotateM(rotationMatrix, 0, angle, 0, 0, -1.0f); // Combine the rotation matrix with the projection and camera view // Note that the vPMatrix factor *must be first* in order // for the matrix multiplication product to be correct. Matrix.multiplyMM(scratch, 0, vPMatrix, 0, rotationMatrix, 0); // Draw triangle mTriangle.draw(scratch); }
如果您的三角形在进行这些更改后没有旋转,请确保已对 GLSurfaceView.RENDERMODE_WHEN_DIRTY
设置取消备注,如下一部分中所述。
启用连续渲染
如果您认真遵循了此类中针对这一点的示例代码,请确保对将渲染模式设置为仅在脏时才进行绘制的行取消备注,否则 OpenGL 仅按一个增量旋转形状,然后就等待从 GLSurfaceView
容器调用 requestRender()
:
Kotlin
class MyGLSurfaceView(context: Context) : GLSurfaceView(context) { init { ... // Render the view only when there is a change in the drawing data. // To allow the triangle to rotate automatically, this line is commented out: //renderMode = GLSurfaceView.RENDERMODE_WHEN_DIRTY } }
Java
public MyGLSurfaceView(Context context) extends GLSurfaceView { ... // Render the view only when there is a change in the drawing data. // To allow the triangle to rotate automatically, this line is commented out: //setRenderMode(GLSurfaceView.RENDERMODE_WHEN_DIRTY); }
除非您在没有任何用户互动的情况下更改对象,否则通常最好启用此标记。请准备好对此代码取消备注,因为下一课将使此调用再次适用。