媒体应用通常包含以层次结构组织的媒体内容集合。例如,专辑中的歌曲或播放列表中的电视剧集。这种媒体内容的层次结构称为媒体库。
MediaLibraryService
提供标准化 API 来提供和访问媒体库。例如,当向媒体应用添加对 Android Auto 的支持时,这会很有用,因为 Android Auto 会为您的媒体库提供自己的驾驶员安全界面。
构建 MediaLibraryService
实现 MediaLibraryService
与实现 MediaSessionService
类似,但在 onGetSession()
方法中,您应返回 MediaLibrarySession
,而不是 MediaSession
。
Kotlin
class PlaybackService : MediaLibraryService() { var mediaLibrarySession: MediaLibrarySession? = null var callback: MediaLibrarySession.Callback = object : MediaLibrarySession.Callback {...} // If desired, validate the controller before returning the media library session override fun onGetSession(controllerInfo: MediaSession.ControllerInfo): MediaLibrarySession? = mediaLibrarySession // Create your player and media library session in the onCreate lifecycle event override fun onCreate() { super.onCreate() val player = ExoPlayer.Builder(this).build() mediaLibrarySession = MediaLibrarySession.Builder(this, player, callback).build() } // Remember to release the player and media library session in onDestroy override fun onDestroy() { mediaLibrarySession?.run { player.release() release() mediaLibrarySession = null } super.onDestroy() } }
Java
class PlaybackService extends MediaLibraryService { MediaLibrarySession mediaLibrarySession = null; MediaLibrarySession.Callback callback = new MediaLibrarySession.Callback() {...}; @Override public MediaLibrarySession onGetSession(MediaSession.ControllerInfo controllerInfo) { // If desired, validate the controller before returning the media library session return mediaLibrarySession; } // Create your player and media library session in the onCreate lifecycle event @Override public void onCreate() { super.onCreate(); ExoPlayer player = new ExoPlayer.Builder(this).build(); mediaLibrarySession = new MediaLibrarySession.Builder(this, player, callback).build(); } // Remember to release the player and media library session in onDestroy @Override public void onDestroy() { if (mediaLibrarySession != null) { mediaLibrarySession.getPlayer().release(); mediaLibrarySession.release(); mediaLibrarySession = null; } super.onDestroy(); } }
请务必在清单文件中声明 Service
和必需的权限:
<service
android:name=".PlaybackService"
android:foregroundServiceType="mediaPlayback"
android:exported="true">
<intent-filter>
<action android:name="androidx.media3.session.MediaSessionService"/>
</intent-filter>
</service>
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.FOREGROUND_SERVICE" />
<!-- For targetSdk 34+ -->
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.FOREGROUND_SERVICE_MEDIA_PLAYBACK" />
使用 MediaLibrarySession
MediaLibraryService
API 要求您的媒体库采用树形结构,其中包含一个根节点和可能可播放或进一步浏览的子节点。
MediaLibrarySession
会扩展 MediaSession
API 以添加内容浏览 API。与 MediaSession
回调相比,MediaLibrarySession
回调添加了以下方法:
onGetLibraryRoot()
(适用于客户端请求内容树的根MediaItem
时)onGetChildren()
适用于客户端请求内容树中MediaItem
的子项的情况onGetSearchResult()
(适用于客户端针对给定查询从内容树请求搜索结果的情况)
相关回调方法将包含 LibraryParams
对象,其中包含有关客户端应用感兴趣的内容树类型的其他信号。
媒体内容的命令按钮
会话应用可以在 MediaMetadata
中声明 MediaItem
支持的命令按钮。这样,您就可以向媒体内容项分配一个或多个 CommandButton
条目,控制器可以显示这些条目,并使用这些条目以便以便捷的方式向会话发送内容项的自定义命令。
在会话端设置命令按钮
构建会话时,会话应用会声明会话可以处理的一组命令按钮作为自定义命令:
Kotlin
val allCommandButtons = listOf( CommandButton.Builder(CommandButton.ICON_PLAYLIST_ADD) .setDisplayName(context.getString(R.string.add_to_playlist)) .setDisplayName("Add to playlist") .setIconResId(R.drawable.playlist_add) .setSessionCommand(SessionCommand(COMMAND_PLAYLIST_ADD, Bundle.EMPTY)) .setExtras(playlistAddExtras) .build(), CommandButton.Builder(CommandButton.ICON_RADIO) .setDisplayName(context.getString(R.string.radio_station)) .setIconResId(R.drawable.radio) .setSessionCommand(SessionCommand(COMMAND_RADIO, Bundle.EMPTY)) .setExtras(radioExtras) .build(), // possibly more here ) // Add all command buttons for media items supported by the session. val session = MediaSession.Builder(context, player) .setCommandButtonsForMediaItems(allCommandButtons) .build()
Java
ImmutableList<CommandButton> allCommandButtons = ImmutableList.of( new CommandButton.Builder(CommandButton.ICON_PLAYLIST_ADD) .setDisplayName("Add to playlist") .setIconUri(Uri.parse("http://www.example.com/icon/playlist_add")) .setSessionCommand(new SessionCommand(COMMAND_PLAYLIST_ADD, Bundle.EMPTY)) .setExtras(playlistAddExtras) .build(), new CommandButton.Builder(CommandButton.ICON_RADIO) .setDisplayName("Radio station") .setIconUri(Uri.parse("http://www.example.com/icon/radio")) .setSessionCommand(new SessionCommand(COMMAND_RADIO, Bundle.EMPTY)) .setExtras(radioExtras) .build()); // Add all command buttons for media items supported by the session. MediaSession session = new MediaSession.Builder(context, player) .setCommandButtonsForMediaItems(allCommandButtons) .build();
构建媒体内容时,会话应用可以添加一组受支持的命令 ID,这些 ID 会引用在构建会话时设置的命令按钮的会话命令:
Kotlin
val mediaItem = MediaItem.Builder() .setMediaMetadata( MediaMetadata.Builder() .setSupportedCommands(listOf(COMMAND_PLAYLIST_ADD, COMMAND_RADIO)) .build()) .build()
Java
MediaItem mediaItem = new MediaItem.Builder() .setMediaMetadata( new MediaMetadata.Builder() .setSupportedCommands(ImmutableList.of(COMMAND_PLAYLIST_ADD, COMMAND_RADIO)) .build()) .build();
当控制器或浏览器连接或调用会话 Callback
的其他方法时,会话应用可以检查传递给回调的 ControllerInfo
,以获取控制器或浏览器可以显示的命令按钮的数量上限。传入回调方法的 ControllerInfo
会提供一个 getter,以便方便地访问此值。默认情况下,此值设为 0,表示浏览器或控制器不支持此功能:
Kotlin
override fun onGetItem( session: MediaLibrarySession, browser: MediaSession.ControllerInfo, mediaId: String, ): ListenableFuture<LibraryResult<MediaItem>> { val settableFuture = SettableFuture.create<LibraryResult<MediaItem>>() val maxCommandsForMediaItems = browser.maxCommandsForMediaItems scope.launch { loadMediaItem(settableFuture, mediaId, maxCommandsForMediaItems) } return settableFuture }
Java
@Override public ListenableFuture<LibraryResult<MediaItem>> onGetItem( MediaLibraryService.MediaLibrarySession session, ControllerInfo browser, String mediaId) { SettableFuture<LibraryResult<MediaItem>> settableFuture = SettableFuture.create(); int maxCommandsForMediaItems = browser.getMaxCommandsForMediaItems(); loadMediaItemAsync(settableFuture, mediaId, maxCommandsForMediaItems); return settableFuture; }
处理针对媒体内容发送的自定义操作时,会话应用可以从传入 onCustomCommand
的参数 Bundle
中获取媒体内容 ID:
Kotlin
override fun onCustomCommand( session: MediaSession, controller: MediaSession.ControllerInfo, customCommand: SessionCommand, args: Bundle, ): ListenableFuture<SessionResult> { val mediaItemId = args.getString(MediaConstants.EXTRA_KEY_MEDIA_ID) return if (mediaItemId != null) handleCustomCommandForMediaItem(controller, customCommand, mediaItemId, args) else handleCustomCommand(controller, customCommand, args) }
Java
@Override public ListenableFuture<SessionResult> onCustomCommand( MediaSession session, ControllerInfo controller, SessionCommand customCommand, Bundle args) { String mediaItemId = args.getString(MediaConstants.EXTRA_KEY_MEDIA_ID); return mediaItemId != null ? handleCustomCommandForMediaItem(controller, customCommand, mediaItemId, args) : handleCustomCommand(controller, customCommand, args); }
将命令按钮用作浏览器或控制器
在 MediaController
端,应用可以在构建 MediaController
或 MediaBrowser
时声明它为媒体内容支持的命令按钮的数量上限:
Kotlin
val browserFuture = MediaBrowser.Builder(context, sessionToken) .setMaxCommandsForMediaItems(3) .buildAsync()
Java
ListenableFuture<MediaBrowser> browserFuture = new MediaBrowser.Builder(context, sessionToken) .setMaxCommandsForMediaItems(3) .buildAsync();
连接到会话后,控制器应用可以接收媒体内容支持的命令按钮,并且控制器对这些按钮拥有会话应用授予的可用命令:
Kotlin
val commandButtonsForMediaItem: List<CommandButton> = controller.getCommandButtonsForMediaItem(mediaItem)
Java
ImmutableList<CommandButton> commandButtonsForMediaItem = controller.getCommandButtonsForMediaItem(mediaItem);
为方便起见,MediaController
可以使用 MediaController.sendCustomCommand(SessionCommand, MediaItem, Bundle)
发送媒体内容专用自定义命令:
Kotlin
controller.sendCustomCommand(addToPlaylistButton.sessionCommand!!, mediaItem, Bundle.EMPTY)
Java
controller.sendCustomCommand( checkNotNull(addToPlaylistButton.sessionCommand), mediaItem, Bundle.EMPTY);